Conference Paper2025Cited by 1

RGC-Bent: A Novel Dataset for Bent Radio Galaxy Classification

Mir Sazzat Hossain, Khan Muhammad Bin Asad, Payaswini Saikia, Adrita Khan, Md Akil Raihan Iftee, Rakibul Hasan Rajib, Arshad Momen, Md Ashraful Amin, Amin Ahsan Ali, AKM Mahbubur Rahman

2025 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)

IEEE, pp. 2868–2873

DOI: 10.1109/icip55913.2025.11084387URL

Abstract

We introduce a novel machine learning dataset tailored for the classification of bent radio active galactic nuclei (AGN) in astronomical observations. Bent radio AGN, distinguished by their curved jet structures, provide critical insights into galaxy cluster dynamics, interactions within the intracluster medium, and the broader physics of AGN. Despite their astrophysical significance, the classification of bent radio AGN remains a challenge due to the scarcity of specialized datasets and benchmarks. To address this, we present a dataset, derived from a well-recognized radio astronomy survey, that is designed to support the classification of NAT (Narrow-Angle Tail) and WAT (Wide-Angle Tail) categories, along with detailed data processing steps. We further evaluate the performance of state-of-the-art deep learning models on the dataset, including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), and transformer-based architectures. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of advanced machine learning models in classifying bent radio AGN, with ConvNeXT achieving the highest F1-scores for both NAT and WAT sources. By sharing this dataset and benchmarks, we aim to facilitate the advancement of research in AGN classification, galaxy cluster environments and galaxy evolution. The source code is available at: https://github.com/mirsazzathossain/RGC-Bent

Keywords

  • intracluster medium
  • active galactic nuclei
  • convolutional neural networks
  • ConvNeXt
  • galaxy clusters
  • radio galaxy classification
  • astronomical image classification
  • transformer models

CCDS Authors

Mir Sazzat Hossain
Mir Sazzat Hossain

Mir Sazzat Hossain

  • Research Assistant, CCDS

Bachelors

Independent University, Bangladesh

Published at

WACV, IJCNN, ICIP, Smart Agricultural Technology

Research Interests

Machine Learning, Computer Vision

Payaswini Saikia, PhD
Payaswini Saikia, PhD

Payaswini Saikia, PhD

  • Collaborator, ComPAs Wing

Postdoctoral Researcher

New York University, Abu Dhabi.

Published at

ICIP

Research Interests

Active Galaxies, Black Holes, Accretion and Relativistic Jet Physics, X-ray Binaries, Radio Astronomy

Adrita Khan
Adrita Khan

Adrita Khan

  • Research Assistant, CCDS

Bachelors

University of Science, Malaysia

Published at

ICIP

Research Interests

Theoretical & Observational Cosmology, Large-Scale Structure, Dark Matter & Dark Energy, Modified Gravity, Cosmic Inflation, High-Energy, Multimessenger & Astroparticle Physics, Astrostatistics & Machine Learning

MD Akil Raihan Iftee
Md Akil Raihan Iftee

MD Akil Raihan Iftee

  • Research Assistant, CCDS

Published at

IJCNN, ICIP

Research Interests

Multimodal Learning, Computer Vision, Trustworthy ML

Rakibul Hasan Rajib
Rakibul Hasan Rajib

Rakibul Hasan Rajib

  • Research Assistant, CCDS

Published at

IJCNN, ICIP, Scientific Reports

Research Interests

Computer Vision, Multimodal Learning, Federated Learning

Prof. M Ashraful Amin, PhD
M Ashraful Amin, PhD

Prof. M Ashraful Amin, PhD

  • Founder Director, CCDS
  • Director, AI/ML, HCI & DS Wings

Professor

+1 more affiliation

Department of Information Sciences and Technology

George Mason University, USA

Published at

ACL, CHI, UbiComp, ECAI, WACV, PAKDD, IJCNN, ICPR, ICIP, HCII, CLEF, BLP, Scientific Reports, JMIR, IEEE Access, Smart Agricultural Technology, Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience, Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, PLOS ONE

Research Interests

Machine Learning, Cognitive & Vision Science, Cybernetics, Surveillance & Security, ICT in Education, Health, & Agriculture, Human-Computer Interaction, Internet of Things, Robotics

Amin Ahsan Ali, PhD
Amin Ahsan Ali, PhD

Amin Ahsan Ali, PhD

  • Director, AI/ML Wing

Professor

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Independent University, Bangladesh

Published at

ACL, CHI, UbiComp, ECCV, IJCAI, ECAI, WACV, IPSN, PAKDD, LREC, IJCNN, ICPR, ICIP, BEA, BLP, ICMLA, Scientific Reports, Scientific Data, Pattern Recognition, Information Sciences, Ad Hoc Networks, Drug and Alcohol Dependence, PLOS ONE

Research Interests

Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning

AKM Mahbubur Rahman, PhD
AKM Mahbubur Rhman, PhD

AKM Mahbubur Rahman, PhD

  • Director, DS & IPT Wings

Associate Professor

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Independent University, Bangladesh

Published at

CHI, ECCV, WACV, PAKDD, LREC, IJCNN, ICPR, ICIP, HCII, BEA, Scientific Reports, Information Sciences

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Cited By

  1. 1.M. S. Hossain, M. S. H. Shahal, K. M. B. Asad, P. Saikia, A. Khan, F. Akter, A. A. Ali, M. A. Amin, D. P. Guha, M. Hasan, M. O. B. Jihad, A. Momen, S. Sen, A. K. M. M. Rahman. (2026). RGC: A radio AGN classifier based on deep learning. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 714, A5[10.1051/0004-6361/202557828]
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